Gravity is the spawn of entropy

For centuries, scientists have been trying to unify two fundamental theories – Einstein’s general theory of relativity, which describes gravity and cosmic scales, and quantum mechanics, which governs the world of particles. But their incompatibility remains one of the unsolved problems of modern physics. The breakthrough may come from a new concept of quantum gravity, which arises from entropy – chaos in a system. This idea not only brings us closer to a “Theory of Everything” but also offers a solution to the mysteries of dark matter and dark energy, which make up 95% of the Universe. The study is published in the journal Physical Review D.

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The power of quantum disorder

Quantum mechanics entails clearly defined units and rules, so it isn’t really disordered. However, there is a sense of disorder that has to do with the complexity of quantum mechanics – and that’s actually really important for how we can apply it.


When physicists say “disorder,” we’re probably talking about uncertainty and entropy. The Heisenberg uncertainty relation is one of the first and most surprising things you learn in quantum mechanics. 

Basically, you can’t know the position and momentum of a particle at the same time. In a classical world, we can know where something is and how fast it’s going – of course we can; we do that all the time – but that’s impossible to do exactly in quantum mechanics. Even if you know everything you can about a quantum particle, there are still unknowns. The disorder is built into the structure of the theory in the form of uncertainty.

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quantum systems have opposing arrows of time

New theoretical research shows that time can flow forwards or backwards in quantum systems, challenging our everyday perception of how time progresses.

Over the centuries, scientists have tried to understand the arrow of time – the idea that time flows inevitably in one direction. How can we make sense of the seemingly unrelenting march of time from past to future?

Answers in fundamental physics haven’t been forthcoming. The laws of nature don’t inherently favour a single direction. Whether time moves forward or backward, the equations remain the same.

The explanation of our everyday experience of time is the second law of thermodynamics derived by Austrian physicist Ludwig Boltzmann.

This law states that entropy – the inherent disorder in a system – cannot decrease with the passage of time. This law explains very well the macroscopic world of our everyday experiences.     READ MORE...

The Entropy of Quantum Entanglement

Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lami from the University of Amsterdam have shown, through probabilistic calculations, that there is indeed, as had been hypothesized, a rule of entropy for the phenomenon of quantum entanglement.


This finding could help drive a better understanding of quantum entanglement, which is a key resource that underlies much of the power of future quantum computers. Little is currently understood about the optimal ways to make effective use of it, despite it being the focus of research in quantum information science for decades.


The second law of thermodynamics, which says that a system can never move to a state with lower entropy, or order, is one of the most fundamental laws of nature, and lies at the very heart of physics. It is what creates the "arrow of time," and tells us the remarkable fact that the dynamics of general physical systems, even extremely complex ones such as gases or black holes, are encapsulated by a single function, its entropy.     READ MORE...

A Side Effect of Entropy

It's impressive enough that our human brains are made up of the same 'star stuff' that forms the Universe, but a wild study published back in 2016 suggests that this might not be the only thing the two have in common.

Just like the Universe, our brains might be programmed to maximise disorder – similar to the principle of entropy – and our consciousness could simply be a side effect, the paper suggests.


The quest to understand human consciousness – our ability to be aware of ourselves and our surroundings – has been going on for centuries. Although consciousness is a crucial part of being human, researchers are still grappling with where it comes from, when it starts, and why we have it.


But the 2016 study, led by researchers from France and Canada, puts forward a new possibility: what if consciousness arises naturally as a result of our brains maximising their information content? In other words, what if consciousness is a side effect of our brain moving towards a state of entropy?


Entropy is basically the term used to describe the progression of a system from order to disorder. Picture an egg: when it's all perfectly separated into yolk and white, it has low entropy, but when you scramble it, it has high entropy - it's the most disordered it can be.   READ MORE...

TIme Crystals

Lately, it has been in the news that Google quantum computing researchers (and numerous university researchers) have created the first true time crystal in a quantum computer. 

While it sounds like something out of a Marvel movie, time crystals are a real phenomenon. 

The crystals flip back and forth between two states periodically in time which mimics the regularity of the spacing of molecules in a crystal.

There have been a lot of misconceptions thrown about whether time crystals violate the laws of thermodynamics: conservation of energy or the tendency for entropy to increase. 

Some have even suggested that they achieve the dream of perpetual motion.

This is false and shows an ignorance of the fine print attached to the laws of thermodynamics as well as the real requirements for achieving a time crystal.

First off, time crystals are not perpetual motion machines in that (a) they cannot do mechanical work and (b) they do not exist in a ground or equilibrium state. 

Rather, they are quantum systems that do no work and cannot reach a ground state.  READ MORE

Conceptualizing Infinity

Infinity – often denoted by the symbol, ∞ represents something that is boundless or endless, or else something that is larger than any real or natural number. Since the time of the ancient Greeks, the philosophical nature of infinity was the subject of many discussions among philosophers. Wikipedia

Can you imagine BOUNDLESS?  ...  what about ENDLESS?

Before we go any further, let me introduce Entropy into the situation.

What is entropy?

Entropy is a lack of order or predictability; gradual decline into disorder.

So, can you have INFINITY and ENTROPY at the same time?
And, if that is possible then infinity will gradually decline into disorder... and what then?

According to Quora.com:   A microstate is a particular way particles that make up the system can have different positions and momenta and still yield the same macroscopic measurements such as temperature and pressure. Since no finite system can have an infinite number of microstates, it's impossible for the entropy of the system to be infinite.

In short, INFINITY is something that NEVER ENDS...

Yet, mankind is predicated upon the fact that there is a BEGINNING and that there is an END.  But, infinity and entropy cannot exist at the same time and yet entropy is a scientific fact whereas infinity is not.

Another contradiction is the notion that OUR UNIVERSE is ENDLESS and what we know now is that our UNIVERSE is still EXPANDING...  but, what is it expanding into?  And, because it is still expanding does this now confirm an ENDLESS UNIVERSE?

Additionally, religious scholars believe that there is an ENDLESS LIFE after death in HEAVEN...  but, there is not proof of that either.