RULE OF LAW - Part I

More than 200 years ago, Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay published a series of essays promoting the ratification of the United States Constitution now known as Federalist Papers. In explaining the need for an independent judiciary, Alexander Hamilton noted in The Federalist # 78 that the federal courts "were designed to be an intermediate body between the people and their legislature" in order to ensure that the people's representatives acted only within the authority given to Congress under the Constitution.

The U.S. Constitution is the nation's fundamental law. It codifies the core values of the people. Courts have the responsibility to interpret the Constitution's meaning, as well as the meaning of any laws passed by Congress. The Federalist # 78 states further that, if any law passed by Congress conflicts with the Constitution, "the Constitution ought to be preferred to the statute, the intention of the people to the intention of their agents."

"Nor does this conclusion by any means suppose a superiority of the judicial to the legislative power. It only supposed that the power of the people is superior to both; and that where the will of the legislature, declared in its statutes, stands in opposition to that of the people, declared in the Constitution, the judges ought to be governed by the latter rather than the former. They ought to regulate their decisions by the fundamental laws, rather than by those which are not fundamental."

The American democratic system is not always based upon simple majority rule. There are certain principles that are so important to the nation that the majority has agreed not to interfere in these areas. For instance, the Bill of Rights was passed because concepts such as freedom of religion, speech, equal treatment, and due process of law were deemed so important that, barring a Constitutional Amendment, not even a majority should be allowed to change them.

Rule of law is a principle under which all persons, institutions, and entities are accountable to laws that are:

• Publicly promulgated
• Equally enforced
• Independently adjudicated
• And consistent with international human rights principles.

The courts play an integral role in maintaining the rule of law, particularly when they hear the grievances voiced by minority groups or by those who may hold minority opinions. Equality before the law is such an essential part of the American system of government that, when a majority, whether acting intentionally or unintentionally, infringes upon the rights of a minority, the Court may see fit to hear both sides of the controversy in court.

SOURCE:  USCOURTS.gov/educational resources/rule of law

PROTEST... Protest... protest...

 It Is Your RIGHT...

Rights and Protections Guaranteed in the 

Bill of Rights

	Rights and Protections
1ST	Freedom of speech Freedom of the press Freedom of religion Freedom of assembly Right to petition the government
2ND	Right to bear arms
3RD	Protection against housing soldiers in civilian homes
4TH	Protection against unreasonable search and seizure Protection against the issuing of warrants without probable cause
5TH	Protection against trial without indictment double jeopardy self-incrimination property seizure
6TH	Right to a speedy trial Right to be informed of charges Right to be confronted by witnesses Right to call witnesses Right to a legal counsel
7TH	Right to trial by jury
8TH	Protection against excessive bail excessive fines cruel and unusual punishment
9TH	Rights granted in the Constitution shall not infringe on other rights.
10TH	Powers not granted to the Federal Government in the Constitution belong to the states or the people.

Civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal of a citizen to obey certain laws, demands, orders or commands of a government (or any other authority). By some definitions,[specify] civil disobedience has to be nonviolent to be called "civil". Hence, civil disobedience is sometimes equated with peaceful protests or nonviolent resistance.

Henry David Thoreau's essay Resistance to Civil Government, published posthumously as Civil Disobedience, popularized the term in the US, although the concept itself has been practiced longer before. 

It has inspired leaders such as Susan B. Anthony of the U.S. women's suffrage movement in the late 1800s, Saad Zaghloul in the 1910s culminating in Egyptian Revolution of 1919 against British Occupation, and Mahatma Gandhi in 1920s India in their protests for Indian independence against the British Raj. 

Martin Luther King Jr.'s and James Bevel's peaceful protests during the civil rights movement in the 1960s United States contained important aspects of civil disobedience. 

Although civil disobedience is rarely justifiable in court,King regarded civil disobedience to be a display and practice of reverence for law: 

"Any man who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust and willingly accepts the penalty by staying in jail to arouse the conscience of the community on the injustice of the law is at that moment expressing the very highest respect for the law."

Who You Were Meant To Be

 Are you too FAT?

Are you too THIN?

Are you too BLACK?

Are you too WHITE?

Are you too STUPID?

Are you too SMART?

Are you too TALL?

Are you too SHORT?

Are you too RICH?

Are you too POOR?

Are you too AGGRESSIVE?

Are you too WITHDRAWN?

Are you too OUTSPOKEN?

Are you too SHY?

Are you too LIBERAL?

Are you too CONSERVATIVE?

Are you too Northern?

Are you too SOUTHERN?

Are you too EASTERN?

Are you too WESTERN?

Why are you trying to be something that you are not?

YOU ARE WHO YOU ARE SUPPOSED TO BE...  nothing more...  and, certainly nothing less...

BUT ABOVE ALL ELSE...  you are an AMERICAN...  a citizen of the U.S.A.

• Not an European
• Not a Russian
• Not a Chinese
• Not a North Korean
• Not a Japanese
• Not an African
• Not a Mexican
• Not a Brazilian
• Not an Egyptian
• Not a Middle eastern

You are protected by all the FREEDOMS that Americans have...

You are protected by the RIGHTS all Americans have...

You are protected by the JUSTICE all Americans have...

You are protected with:

• Life
• Liberty
• Pursuit of happiness

no other country in the entire world has what americans have...  you should never forget that...

What Did Our Founding Fathers Believe?

According to Nicholas Rathod who wrote an article published by the Center For American Progress stated the following:  "In recent years, we have been told by a variety of conservatives that America’s founding fathers established the country under Christian doctrine—that we are a “Christian nation” and should operate accordingly.

This notion—that our country’s roots are explicitly Christian—is both foolish and wrong, for it devalues the Christian faith and disrespects the genius of the founding fathers. Christianity does not need to be endorsed by law or some fantasized re-interpretation of the Constitution in order to have meaning in people’s lives."

And while this is his personal opinion, he went on to write that:  The genius of the founding fathers is they understood that Christianity could not only stand on its own but would thrive without being written into the laws and founding documents of the country. 

Many of the founding fathers—Washington, Jefferson, Franklin, Madison and Monroe—practiced a faith called Deism. Deism is a philosophical belief in human reason as a reliable means of solving social and political problems. Deists believe in a supreme being who created the universe to operate solely by natural laws—and after creation, is absent from the world. 

And because of this absence our Founding Fathers adopted SLAVERY and created a Constitution and Bill of Rights that did not include the African Americans that had been stolen and sold to the wealthy in a NEW LAND as SLAVES...

One could construe that it was the SLAVES that built America not the white man...

It is true that our Founding Fathers created a UNIQUE EXPERIMENT of Democracy and drafted documents around which a great nation was built, but they did so by not treated everyone as equals under MAN'S Law or under GOD'S Law...

In What Do I Believe?

Spiritual/Religious

1. that there is a Creator of the Universe
2. that creation of the Universe was of Intelligent Design
3. that there are multiple dimension in our universe
4. that there are other intelligent forms of life in our universe
5. that all beliefs were given to us by our Creator
6. that mankind will ultimately destroy itself
7. that wealth creation is not the intended purpose of life

Governmental

1. that there must be some form of regulatory government
1. 
   to protect and negotiate
2. to educate
3. to feed, clothe, and house
4. to cure when sick
5. to care for when old
2. that governmental power be divided into thirds
1. make the laws
2. enforce the laws
3. judge and interpret the laws
3. that there must be a rule of law
4. that the population cannot properly govern itself
5. that the government must be small and well defined
6. that the people have well defined rights and guarantees
7. that debt to provide services should be avoided or made illegal
8. that wars should be fought to protect homeland only
9. that nations have a fundamental right to conquer 
10. that all individuals will never be financially equal

As far as the US Constitution and Bill of Rights is concerned:

1. Our government is not responsible for our happiness
2. Speech should never be censored
3. Beliefs should never be denied or used against an individual or group
4. Individuals have a right to defend themselves
5. Females have a right to do whatever they want to regarding their bodies
6. Males and Females will never be equal physically, mentally, or in their skills and abilities
7. Ethnicities will never be equal physically, mentally, or in their skills and abilities
8. Manipulation of the people should be prevented