What Not To Say

 

Our Moon's Hidden Resource

Alongside advances in space exploration, we’ve recently seen much time and money invested into technologies that could allow effective space resource utilisation. And at the forefront of these efforts has been a laser-sharp focus on finding the best way to produce oxygen on the Moon.

In October, the Australian Space Agency and NASA signed a deal to send an Australian-made rover to the Moon under the Artemis program, with a goal to collect lunar rocks that could ultimately provide breathable oxygen on the Moon.

Although the Moon does have an atmosphere, it’s very thin and composed mostly of hydrogen, neon, and argon. It’s not the sort of gaseous mixture that could sustain oxygen-dependent mammals such as humans.

That said, there is actually plenty of oxygen on the Moon. It just isn’t in a gaseous form. Instead, it’s trapped inside regolith — the layer of rock and fine dust that covers the Moon’s surface. If we could extract oxygen from regolith, would it be enough to support human life on the Moon?

THE BREADTH OF OXYGEN
Oxygen can be found in many of the minerals in the ground around us. And the Moon is mostly made of the same rocks you’ll find on Earth (although with a slightly greater amount of material that came from meteors).

Minerals such as silica, aluminium, and iron and magnesium oxides dominate the Moon’s landscape. All of these minerals contain oxygen, but not in a form our lungs can access.

On the Moon, these minerals exist in a few different forms including hard rock, dust, gravel, and stones covering the surface. This material has resulted from the impacts of meteorites crashing into the lunar surface over countless millennia.

Some people call the Moon’s surface layer lunar “soil”, but as a soil scientist, I’m hesitant to use this term. Soil as we know it is pretty magical stuff that only occurs on Earth. It has been created by a vast array of organisms working on the soil’s parent material — regolith, derived from hard rock — over millions of years.

The result is a matrix of minerals which were not present in the original rocks. Earth’s soil is imbued with remarkable physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Meanwhile, the materials on the Moon’s surface is basically regolith in its original, untouched form.  READ MORE...

Moving Train

 

money... Money... MONEY... MONEY!!!

 Once you reach a certain age in life you don't really care about earning money but if you don't have money, then the end of your life SUCKS...

Everything costs money...

The money you have the less you own and the less that you can buy...

ONLY 2% of the population will be billionaires

Only 20% of the population will be millionaires or more

80% of the population will ALWAYS get the big chili up the brown eye...  simply because it is not in their nature to become wealthy.

In order for the average person to have an average life, one must work...  and when one turn 62-67, one can retire...  BUT, if they have not saved enough money, they will need to keep working.  If you are making just enough money to pay your bills, then there is no way you can save any money.  So, you will need to keep working.

Five years ago we screened in our back deck with a roof that tied into the main roof of the house.  It was $10,000 and was a little high because the crew we wanted was not available.  That same screened in deck with roof is $18,000 to $20,000.  As costs continue to increase, trying to save money for retirement becomes increasingly more difficult.

By 2030, the only people that are retiring will be the multimillionaires and not the general public as they will need to continue working.  Older folks are not as productive as younger folks which will also cause companies to raise their prices to compensate.

In order to live well in America, you need to be wealthy.

Wrestling

 

The Future of Nuclear Energy

Between 2009 and 2019, global consumption of renewable energy grew at an annual average of 13.4%. Over that time, renewable energy consumption grew from 8.2 exajoules (EJ) globally to 28.8 EJ.


Yet, global carbon dioxide emissions rose by more than 4 billion metric tons per year during that time, reaching an all-time high in 2019.


Between 2009 and 2019, global consumption of renewable energy grew at an annual average of 13.4%. Over that time, renewable energy consumption grew from 8.2 exajoules (EJ) globally to 28.8 EJ.


Yet, global carbon dioxide emissions rose by more than 4 billion metric tons per year during that time, reaching an all-time high in 2019.



The reason for this is that overall global energy consumption — while growing at an average annual rate of only 1.9% — rose by 92 EJ from 2009 to 2019. Renewables are growing at a much faster rate, but it will take decades at the current growth rates before renewables can make a serious dent in global carbon dioxide emissions.


That’s why nuclear power could play a critical supporting role in reining in global carbon dioxide emissions. Yet, nuclear power is concentrated in a handful of countries, and very few are growing their nuclear energy production.


The reason for this is that overall global energy consumption — while growing at an average annual rate of only 1.9% — rose by 92 EJ from 2009 to 2019. Renewables are growing at a much faster rate, but it will take decades at the current growth rates before renewables can make a serious dent in global carbon dioxide emissions.That’s why nuclear power could play a critical supporting role in reining in global carbon dioxide emissions. Yet, nuclear power is concentrated in a handful of countries, and very few are growing their nuclear energy production.  READ MORE...

GE Appliances

 

Why Only 2% Succeed

 

Old Fossil Unveils Early Life

Cutting-edge technology has revealed new insights about a globally famous fossil treasure trove, which may provide critical evidence concerning early life on Earth.

Scientists investigating the 400 million-year-old fossil cache, discovered in the remote northeastern region of Scotland, report that their results display a higher level of molecular preservation in these fossils than what was previously expected.

Fresh scrutiny of the exquisitely preserved treasure trove from Aberdeenshire has enabled scientists to identify the chemical fingerprints of the various organisms within it.

Just as the Rosetta Stone helped Egyptologists translate hieroglyphics, the team hopes these chemical codes can help them decipher more about the identity of the life forms, that other more ambiguous fossils represent.

The spectacular fossil ecosystem near the Aberdeenshire village of Rhynie was discovered in 1912, mineralized and encased by chert – hard rock composed of silica. Known as the Rhynie chert, it originates from the Early Devonian period – about 407 million years ago – and has a significant role to play in scientists’ understanding of life on earth.

Researchers combined the latest non-destructive imaging with data analysis and machine learning to analyze fossils from collections held by National Museums Scotland and the Universities of Aberdeen and Oxford. Scientists from the University of Edinburgh were able to probe deeper than has previously been possible, which they say could reveal new insights about less well-preserved samples.

Employing a technique known as FTIR spectroscopy – in which infrared light is used to collect high-resolution data – researchers found impressive preservation of molecular information within the cells, tissues, and organisms in the rock.

Since they already knew which organisms most of the fossils represented, the team was able to discover molecular fingerprints that reliably discriminate between fungi, bacteria, and other groups.

These fingerprints were then used to identify some of the more mysterious members of the Rhynie ecosystem, including two specimens of an enigmatic tubular “nematophyte”.     READ MORE...

Fox Dive

 

Advice From a Retiree

 At 75 years old, I have been retired since 2015 and while my career has not been glamorous or financially productive, I have always managed to earn a little bit more than what I need to pay my bills, and have managed to save almost $1,000,000 in the bank.

Here is a little advice:

One - understand the Rule of 72 and start saving as quick as you can.  $2.50/day saved for 40 years will give you $500,000.  If you and your wife save this amount, it will be $1,000,000...  If you start at 25, you will have this amount of money by the age of 65.

Two - a carpenter measures twice and cuts once.  What this means is create a plan and review that plan often (like quarterly) and revise that plan as your interests and personality changes.

Three - decide what kind of quality of life that you want and adjust your spending habits accordingly around a budget that reflects how you want to live.  Stick to that budget and revise that budget as the cost of living changes.

Four - become debt free as soon as possible and stay out debt.  Use a credit to build your credit but only with the understanding that you will pay it off completely at the end of the month.

Five - keep yourself healthy with the right kind of diet, daily exercise, and the right amount of sleep.  Part of staying healthy is learning to manage stress.  Managing stress is not easy for everyone as everyone is different, but failure to manage stress could end your life prematurely.

Six - learn to be patient and thorough.  Don't rush through doing anything just so you can do more because that can create costly mistakes.  If you must take risks, do so when you are young and make sure that you have thought through all possible contingencies.  Learning to play chess will help you with this strategy.

Seven - don't trust anyone but yourself.  Don't base your self-esteem on what others think of you.  Realize that the only person you can change is YOURSELF.

Going Down

 

True Descendants of the Spartans

There is a Greek village in Mani, on the Peloponnesian peninsula, called Neochori where residents boast that they are true descendants of the Spartans.

While Maniots claim their ancestors were natives to the southeastern part of Peloponnese even before Sparta became a famed city-state, the ties between Sparta and Mani have been continuous since historical antiquity.

Ancient Maniots were both slaves and landowners who paid fifty percent of their agricultural products as a tithe, or tax, to Sparta. In the wealthier areas of outer and lower Mani, the landowners had helots (slaves), as well.

The close ties of ancient Maniots and Spartans are also demonstrated by the common worship of certain deities. The Spartans not only respected the traditional religious ceremonies of the Maniots but also adopted them.

Sparta descendants of Neochori
In a recent BBC report in the Neochori village of Mani, former coffee shop owner Giorgos Oikonomeas—who never left his birthplace—claimed that the villagers were true descendants of the brave Spartans.

“If you want to get a taste of what life would have been like in Ancient Sparta, look no further,” he told the reporter. “We are as Spartan as can be.”

To further drive the point home, the 86-year-old Maniot, whose physique still suggests that he could jump onto the battlefield at any moment, served the reporter a lalangi, a crispy strip of dough deep-fried in olive oil.      READ MORE...

1988 Slam Dunk Contest

 

Muggsy Bogues

 

Batteries Powered by Nuclear Waste

Nuclear power is considered a clean energy source because it has zero carbon dioxide emissions; yet, at the same time, it produces massive amounts of hazardous, radioactive waste that pile up as more and more reactors are built around the world.

Experts have proposed different solutions for this issue in order to take better care of the environment and people’s health. With insufficient safe storage space for nuclear waste disposal, the focal point of these ideas is the reutilization of the materials.

Radioactive diamond batteries were first developed in 2016 and were immediately acclaimed because they promised a new, cost-effective way of recycling nuclear waste. In this context, it’s unavoidable to deliberate whether they’re the ultimate solution to these toxic, lethal residues.

What Are Radioactive Diamond Batteries?
Radioactive diamond batteries were first developed by a team of physicists and chemists from the Cabot Institute for the Environment of the University of Bristol. The invention was presented as a betavoltaic device, which means that it’s powered by the beta decay of nuclear waste.

Beta decay is a type of radioactive decay that occurs when an atom’s nucleus has an excess of particles and releases some of them to obtain a more stable ratio of protons to neutrons. This produces a kind of ionizing radiation called beta radiation, which involves a lot of high-speed and high-energy electrons or positrons known as beta particles.  READ MORE...

Nice Try

 

BIG is BETTER

 Americans are impressed with big or large when it comes to buying and owning stuff.  We want a big house, a big car, a big swimming pool; we want big meals, big deserts, lots of clothes, and lots of shoes.  But, depending upon where we live the yards that our big houses are sitting upon are relatively small, typically mowing and trimming in an hour.

Most of the Americans that eat big meals and drink lots of beer or other alcohol have big bodies that a doctor would refer to as OBESE...   and, those of us who are in this big category, spending NO TIME at all exercising...  therefore, our big bodies get BIGGER.

Most of the males (but not all) want women with big breasts...  and I am not sure why because anything over a handful is wasted...  still that is what we want and once we have the female with big breasts, we get bored with those big breasts relatively quickly.  However, when we are out in public, those big breasts cause lots of attention from the other males who wish they had a date with big breasts.

Most of the women (but not all) do not really like their big breasts after they turn 40 and seek out a doctor who will perform breast reduction surgery.  Those females who do not get a breast reduction find that by the time they are 60, those big breasts of theirs hang down like the balls on a hound dog, sometimes drooping down to their waist or below.

Executives measure their success in a variety of ways:

1. Their big salaries
2. Their big offices
3. Their big number of employees they supervise
4. Their big compensation packages
5. Their power and influence
6. Their big amount of assets/toys they own
7. Their big homes
8. Their big egos

Those of us who are not obsessed with BIG, realize that there is absolutely no need to have more that you need.  Having more, makes you spend more and when you spend more, you want more.  This viscous circle causes us to make irrational and illogical decisions because we are motivated by BIG. 

Ninja

 

Measuring a Quantum Paradox

Vacuum chamber containing the atom chip. Credit: Thomas Schweigler, TU Wien

How do quantum particles exchange information? An intriguing hypothesis regarding quantum information has recently been validated through experimental verification conducted at TU Wien.

If you were to randomly pick an individual from a crowd who stands remarkably taller than the average, it’s quite likely that this person will also surpass the average weight. This is because, statistically, knowledge about one variable often gives us some insight into another.

Quantum physics takes these correlations to another level, establishing even more potent connections between disparate quantities: distinct particles or segments of a vast quantum system can “share” a specific amount of information. This intriguing theoretical premise suggests that the calculation of this “mutual information” is surprisingly not influenced by the system’s overall volume, but only by its surface.


This surprising result has been confirmed experimentally at the TU Wien and published in Nature Physics. Theoretical input to the experiment and its interpretation came from the Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik in Garching, FU Berlin, ETH Zürich, and New York University.


“Let’s imagine a gas container in which small particles fly around and behave in a very classical way like small spheres,” says Mohammadamin Tajik of the Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology (VCQ) — Atominstitut of TU Wien, first author of the current publication.


“If the system is in equilibrium, then particles in different areas of the container know nothing about each other. One can consider them completely independent of each other. Therefore, one can say that the mutual information these two particles share is zero.”   READ MORE...