Hair Growth & Immune System Link

Source: Salk Institute

Salk scientists have uncovered an unexpected molecular target of a common treatment for alopecia, a condition in which a person’s immune system attacks their own hair follicles, causing hair loss.

The findings, published in Nature Immunology on June 23, 2022, describe how immune cells called regulatory T cells interact with skin cells using a hormone as a messenger to generate new hair follicles and hair growth.

“For the longest time, regulatory T cells have been studied for how they decrease excessive immune reactions in autoimmune diseases,” says corresponding author Ye Zheng, associate professor in Salk’s NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis.

“Now we’ve identified the upstream hormonal signal and downstream growth factor that actually promote hair growth and regeneration completely separate from suppressing immune response.”

The scientists didn’t begin by studying hair loss. They were interested in researching the roles of regulatory T cells and glucocorticoid hormones in autoimmune diseases. (Glucocorticoid hormones are cholesterol-derived steroid hormones produced by the adrenal gland and other tissues.) They first investigated how these immune components functioned in multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s disease and asthma.

They found that glucocorticoids and regulatory T cells did not function together to play a significant role in any of these conditions. So, they thought they’d have more luck looking at environments where regulatory T cells expressed particularly high levels of glucocorticoid receptors (which respond to glucocorticoid hormones), such as in skin tissue.

The scientists induced hair loss in normal mice and mice lacking glucocorticoid receptors in their regulatory T cells.

“After two weeks, we saw a noticeable difference between the mice—the normal mice grew back their hair, but the mice without glucocorticoid receptors barely could,” says first author Zhi Liu, a postdoctoral fellow in the Zheng lab.  READ MORE...

Kookaburra

 

Drug Stops Depression

The researchers showed that the systemic administration of the new drug alters neurobehavioral 

in mice, reducing anxiety-like behavior. It also provides a promising landscape for future studies 

to assess whether the drug could help combat stress, anxiety, depression, addiction, cancer, and neurodegeneration.

The preclinical drug works by inhibiting the kinase Cdk5 which is found in mature neurons. Cdk5 has long been linked to neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, but prior inhibitors have largely failed to cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain.


A new preclinical drug reported by James Bibb, Ph.D., and colleagues has the potential to combat depression, brain injury, and cognitive disorders. The drug, which is notable for being brain-permeable, works by inhibiting the kinase enzyme Cdk5.


Cdk5 is an important signaling regulator in brain neurons. Over three decades of research, it has been linked to neuropsychiatric and degenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Knocking out the enzyme in mice makes them more resilient to stress, improves cognition, protects neurons from stroke and brain trauma, and slows neurodegeneration.


While Cdk5 inhibitors may offer potential therapeutic benefits and new ways to study basic brain function, previous first- and second-generation anti-Cdk5 compounds largely get blocked at the blood-brain barrier, which restricts solute movement from the blood to the extracellular fluid of the central nervous system. So far, no Cdk5 inhibitor has been authorized for the treatment of any neuropsychiatric or degenerative condition.  READ MORE...

Tornado

 

Flawed Declaration and Constitution

Declaration of Independence

We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal and that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

US Constitution

Does not mention RACE, COLOR, ABORTION, FEMALE

Does not mention slaves or slavery

The 3/5 clause was merely a way of assigning value to slaves for state representation in the legislature

It does not give the right to vote but gives that power to the states

NOTE:  if some foreign person read our constitution, they would have no idea that raced-based slavery existed in the United States.

Our Founding Fathers were:

• Wealthy
• Arrogant
• Racists
• Elitists
• White Supremacists
• Had no intention of practicing equality or equity

How does the Declaration of Independence and the US Constitution justify this?  (See below)

1. Blacks were slaves
2. Blacks were considered property
3. Blacks were not equal
4. Blacks could not vote
5. Females could not vote
6. Females were not equal
7. Females could not hold office
8. Females could not own property in some states

NOW, looking at the equality issue...   there is no way in hell that our creator gave us equality...

>>>Some people are taller than others

>>>Some people are prettier than others

>>>Some people are smarter than others

>>>Some people are musically talented, others not

>>>Some people are artistically talented, others not

>>>Some people have outstanding physical abilities, others not

SO HOW IN THE HELL ARE WE EQUAL???

A Divided America

Democratic Congresswoman Maxine Waters, recently stated on camera:  "...YOU AINT SEEN NOTHING YET...  TO HELL WITH THE SUPREME COURT..."

This lady is a US Congresswoman who is opening defying the laws of the land...  the media would have been all over this if Trump has said it or even implied it...

But more importantly, is the fact that for the first time ever, the US is incredibly divided and the divide revolves around the politics of two parties.

Interestingly, when the Dems don't win, they get into the streets and protest which turns into violence and destruction of public and personal property...  But, when the Republicans don't win, they also protest and oftentimes as well, the protest turns into violence and destruction of property...

• Both sides are to blame...
• Both sides are wrong...
• Both sides are hurting this country...

And, nobody seems to care...

Big Versus Small

 

If you were playing professional basketball or American football, one would want BIG...  but, if you are looking for a spouse, one typically wants small...

This may not have been the best analogy to use for the size of government, but you think about it, the analogy hits the mark...

The bigger the government, the more taxes the government has to collect from its citizens to pay for everything.  Businesses and the wealthy can shelter their money away from taxes, so the burden falls on the general population...

In other words, you and I pay for the government that we have...  but, taxes alone will not pay the bills, so our government has to borrow money and 1/3 of the money that we have borrowed we owe to CHINA...

Everything that is referred to as PUBLIC is paid for by the government which is paid for through our taxes.

• Public Education
• Public Transportation
• Public Parks and Recreation
• Public Highways and Bridges
• Public Healthcare
• Medicare and Medicaid
• Social Security
• Unemployment Insurance
• Public Officials
• Agriculture Subsidies
• Health Insurance
• Subsidies of all kinds
• Welfare of all kinds
• Amtrak
• Public Beaches

These programs are also considered to be examples of SOCIALISM but put that aside and look at what you tax dollars pay for and could you not do a better job...

How many city supervisors do you see standing around watching 2-3 others dig a hole?

How long do you have to wait on hold whenever you need to talk to a government worker about a mistake?

This Will Leave You Speechless

 

More Galaxies Than Ever Imagined

The Universe is a vast place, filled with more galaxies than we’ve ever been able to count, even in just the portion we’ve been able to observe. Some 40 years ago, Carl Sagan taught the world that there were hundreds of billions of stars in the Milky Way alone, and perhaps as many as 100 billion galaxies within the observable Universe. 

Although he never said it in his famous television series, Cosmos, the phrase “billions and billions” has become synonymous with his name, and also with the number of stars we think of as being inherent to each galaxy, as well as the number of galaxies contained within the visible Universe.

But when it comes to the number of galaxies that are actually out there, we’ve learned a number of important facts that have led us to revise that number upwards, and not just by a little bit. Our most detailed observations of the distant Universe, from the Hubble eXtreme Deep Field, gave us an estimate of 170 billion galaxies. 

A theoretical calculation from a few years ago — the first to account for galaxies too small, faint, and distant to be seen — put the estimate far higher: at 2 trillion. But even that estimate is too low. There ought to be at least 6 trillion, and perhaps more like 20 trillion, galaxies, if we’re ever able to count them all. Here’s how we got there.

The first thing you have to realize about estimating the number of galaxies in the Universe is that the part of the Universe we can see — both today and ever, even into the infinite future — is and will always be finite. The Universe, as we know and perceive it, began with the hot Big Bang some 13.8 billion years ago. 

With some 1080 atoms within it, about five times as much mass in the form of dark matter, as well as billions of times as many photons and neutrinos, gravitation has had plenty of time to pull the matter into clumps, collections, groups, and clusters. This has led to the formation of stars and galaxies with a variety of different properties: masses, sizes, brightnesses and more.  READ MORE...

Classic Sunday Morning Newspaper Cartoons

 

First of It's Kind

SEVIERVILLE, Tenn.--Tennessee's Soaky Mountain Waterpark in Sevierville will debut a water coaster promising to be the first-of-its-kind.

Soaky Mountain Waterpark announced the opening of the water coaster which will be known as "The Edge" will open to the public on Wednesday after first being announced last November. The slide will feature two lanes on a 70 foot tower.

The two slides will have riders sit on double tubes before they are dropped three stories into a valley. Riders will then be propelled up a hill into an enclosed tube and dropped again where they will blast up a wall and dropped once again feeling extreme G forces.

At the end of the line, riders will see which of the two is the winner of the duel. In a statement release when the attraction was first announced, Soaky Mountain GM Dave Andrews says "Our new water coaster, fittingly named, ‘The Edge’ is going to be a showstopper! 

It will be perched on the edge of our waterpark, and span two football fields in length. It’s fusing together WhiteWater’s Master Blaster water coaster with their iconic Boomerango. But, we are not adding just one slide, we are doubling it for a dueling thrill!”  READ MORE...

Rock & Roll

 

Visit a Museum to Eliminate Stress

It turns out that visiting a museum is good for your health: New research from the University of Pennsylvania found reductions in anxiety and depression and increases in cognitive function and empathy, among a number of other promising outcomes.

“Art museums have great potential to positively impact people, including reducing their stress, enhancing positive emotional experiences, and helping people to feel less lonely and more connected,” researcher Katherine Cotter told Hyperallergic.

The study, titled “Art Museums As Institutions for Human Flourishing,” was published in the Journal of Positive Psychology by Cotter and James O. Pawelski of the University of Pennsylvania.

Their work is encompassed in the burgeoning field of positive psychology, which studies “the strengths that enable individuals and communities to thrive.”

Drawing on research from different academic disciplines, the study is part of an initiative that examines how the arts and humanities affect “human flourishing” — a comprehensive framework that takes into account both “ill-being” (living with disease, disorders, or in negative states) and “well-being” (practicing positive health habits).

“We believe our collaborative and interdisciplinary work is all the more vital at a time when so many individuals and communities lack the levels of well-being they need to thrive,” Pawelski said.  READ MORE...

Sometime You Need Help...

 

Supreme Court Decision

 

I am part of the Hippy Movement of the sixties and while I have shaved my beard, the radical, revolutionary thoughts inside my head have not changed unfortunately...

I believe that our bodies belong to us and not to our Federal Government.  Our Federal Government should not tell us:

• who to marry
• how many children to have
• when and where to defecate
• how much we should eat
• and whether or not we want to smoke marijuana or not...

Therefore, our Federal Government should not tell us whether or not a female should have an abortion...  that is her right and only her right...

Our government should stay the hell out of our business.

Our US Constitution states that those laws and powers not given to the Federal Government shall be the responsibility of the State Governments...

The Supreme Court agrees with that and yesterday took that power away from our Federal Government and gave it back to our State governments where it belongs...

NOW, since we elect our state representatives too, we can now tell those sons of bitches that we want the state to allow abortions...  it is that simple...

It's just the church that doesn't want abortions and since the church is allowing gays to stand up and be counted, then there is no reason why we cannot persuade all states to grant abortions regardless of what the church wants...

However, while I support a woman's right to chose, I personally am against abortions unless the pregnancy result as a byproduct of a crime...   even then, it is a flip of the coin, but abortion is understandable...  putting the child up for adoption is also an option.

No person should take another person's life...  regardless of the justification.

Here Comes the Sun

 

Ending Civilization

TO A PHOTON, the sun is like a crowded nightclub. It’s 27 million degrees inside and packed with excited bodies—helium atoms fusing, nuclei colliding, positrons sneaking off with neutrinos. 

When the photon heads for the exit, the journey there will take, on average, 100,000 years. (There’s no quick way to jostle past 10 septillion dancers, even if you do move at the speed of light.) 

Once at the surface, the photon might set off solo into the night. Or, if it emerges in the wrong place at the wrong time, it might find itself stuck inside a coronal mass ejection, a mob of charged particles with the power to upend civilizations.

The cause of the ruckus is the sun’s magnetic field. Generated by the churning of particles in the core, it originates as a series of orderly north-to-south lines. But different latitudes on the molten star rotate at different rates—36 days at the poles, and only 25 days at the equator. 

Very quickly, those lines stretch and tangle, forming magnetic knots that can puncture the surface and trap matter beneath them. From afar, the resulting patches appear dark. They’re known as sunspots. Typically, the trapped matter cools, condenses into plasma clouds, and falls back to the surface in a fiery coronal rain. 

Sometimes, though, the knots untangle spontaneously, violently. The sunspot turns into the muzzle of a gun: Photons flare in every direction, and a slug of magnetized plasma fires outward like a bullet.  READ MORE...

The End

 

Stone Blocks at Heliopolis

A joint German/Egyptian archaeological mission has discovered stone blocks from the reign of King Khufu in Heliopolis, Egypt.

Khufu or Cheops was an ancient Egyptian monarch, the second pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty in the first half of the Old Kingdom period (26th century BC). Khufu is generally accepted for commissioning the construction of the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

The mission was excavating in the ancient city of Heliopolis, the capital of the 13th or Heliopolite Nome of Lower Egypt and a major religious centre. Archaeologists uncovered large blocks of granite in the ruins of the Sun Temple near the obelisk of Senusret I, representing the first discovery from the period of King Khufu in the Ain Shams region.

Mustafa Waziri, Secretary General of the Supreme Council for Archaeology announced the discovery in a press release, suggesting that the stone may have been part of a building once situated at the Pyramids of Giza and later moved and repurposed during the Ramesside era (19th and 20th Dynasty).

Excavations also revealed the sarcophagi and altars from the era of Amenemhat IV, Sobekhotep IV, Ay, Seti I, Osorkon I, Takelot I, and Psamtik I, in addition to a sculptural model of quartz in the form of the Sphinx of King Amenhotep II, the base of a statue of King Amasis (Ahmose II), and the base of a colossal monkey statue of pink granite of a baboon.  READ MORE...

The Garden of Eden